Understanding the CBC: A Parent's Guide to Kenya's New Curriculum

What is the CBC?

The Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) was introduced by the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) to replace the old 8-4-4 system. It focuses on skills, values, and competencies rather than rote memorization.

The New Structure: 2-6-3-3

- Pre-Primary: 2 years (PP1 & PP2)
- Lower Primary: 3 years (Grades 1–3)
- Upper Primary: 3 years (Grades 4–6)
- Junior Secondary: 3 years (Grades 7–9) — now in school rather than separate junior secondary schools
- Senior Secondary: 3 years with specialisation tracks

Core Competencies the CBC Develops

1. Communication and collaboration
2. Critical thinking and problem solving
3. Creativity and imagination
4. Digital literacy
5. Citizenship
6. Learning to learn
7. Self-efficacy

What's Different for Parents?

Under CBC, your child will:
- Bring home projects and portfolios instead of just exams
- Be assessed continuously, not just at end-of-year exams
- Have more hands-on, practical activities
- Choose a specialisation pathway in senior secondary

How to Support Your CBC Child at Home

- Create space for project work
- Encourage curiosity and exploration
- Engage with your child's portfolio
- Attend school meetings about CBC assessments